The Shang is notable as the first dynasty c. 1600 – c. 1046 BC introduce cowrie shells as a currency

 

 The Shang is notable as the first dynasty   c. 1600 – c. 1046 BC introduce cowrie shells as a currency

The Shang Dynasty was a Chinese dynasty that ruled in the Yellow River valley during the second millennium BC, traditionally following the Xia Dynasty and preceding the Western Zhou Dynasty. It's also sometimes referred to as the Yin Dynasty. The Shang is notable as the first dynasty supported by both archaeological and written evidence. 

Here's a more detailed look at the Shang Dynasty:

Key Aspects:

Time Period:

The Shang Dynasty is generally dated from approximately 1600 to 1046 BC. 

Bronze Age:

The Shang Dynasty marked the beginning of the Bronze Age in China, characterized by advancements in bronze casting for tools, weapons, and ritual objects. 

Capital Cities:

The Shang kings moved their capital several times before settling in Anyang in the 14th century BC. Archaeological evidence from Anyang has provided valuable insights into Shang society. 

Social Structure:

Shang society included a king, nobles, officials, artisans, farmers, and slaves. The nobility held a privileged position, including the use of chariots and participation in warfare. 

Writing System:

The Shang is known for the development of Chinese writing, with inscriptions found on oracle bones, which were used for divination. 

Religion and Ancestor Worship:

The Shang practiced ancestor worship, believing that their ancestors could influence their lives. They also worshipped a supreme god called Shang Di and other nature deities. 

Military:

The Shang had a strong military, utilizing chariots and composite bows. Warfare played a significant role in their society, with captives often being sacrificed or used as laborers. 

Achievements:

The Shang made significant advancements in mathematics, astronomy, and military technology. They also had a sophisticated calendar system. 

End of the Dynasty:

The Shang Dynasty ended with the overthrow of the last Shang king, Di Xin, by Wu of Zhou.