Showing posts with label Clark Gable. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Clark Gable. Show all posts

Monday, 1 February 2021

The Many Affairs Of Clark Gable

 




The Many Affairs Of Clark Gable



Gone with the Wind ended when Rhett no longer "gave a damn" about Scarlett, but the story of Clark Gable's real-life romances followed a different path. Gable, who won the hearts of many moviegoers and Hollywood alike with his style of rugged yet sensitive charm, allegedly took as many lovers as he could, including a large number of his female co-stars. Gable was dubbed "King of Hollywood" as a result.


Born in 1901, William Clark Gable worked his way up from working-class Ohio, theater troupes in Oregon, and the New York stage to become Hollywood royalty. Gable reportedly slept with many stars; co-workers often hooked up in Hollywood's Golden Age. He married five times, though the love of his life was reportedly his third wife, Carole Lombard.


Although rumors and gossip spread about secret pregnancies or otherwise, Gable managed to remain scandal-free throughout his life. Perhaps the lack of internet accountability or the skill of "fixers" in 1930s Hollywood kept stories quiet, but the list of Gable's relationships off-screen proves he likely gave a damn about sex.



Gable And Joan Crawford Had An On-And-Off Affair For Many Years

As Gable became more popular in Hollywood, he paired with many leading actresses, including Joan Crawford. Though married and already having an affair with another woman, Gable began a relationship with Crawford. At one point, MGM discovered their secret relationship and threatened to end both of their contracts. Gable and Crawford kept a lower profile for a while, but they never allegedly never stopped sleeping with each other.


Their on-and-off affair lasted through nine films in which they appeared together, and spanned almost 30 years. In 1931, Crawford became pregnant and thought the child belonged to Gable, as she was estranged from Fairbanks at the time. She allegedly underwent a secret abortion and claimed she lost the child after slipping on a boat deck while filming a movie.



His Third Wife Carole Lombard Was The Love Of His Life

When Gable and Carole Lombard made 1932's No Man of Her Own together, they showed no signs of romantic interest in each other. When they met again in 1936 at a party, though, the pair clicked. In 1939, three weeks after the completion of Gable's divorce to Maria Langham, he used a break during the filming of Gone with the Wind to marry Lombard.


Most people consider Lombard the love of Gable's life because she reportedly brought out his playful side. They referred to each other as Pa and Ma, and they went on fishing and hunting trips together. Many believe Gable continued to sleep with other women throughout their marriage, and though Lombard reportedly grew angry with him, she likely tolerated his behavior.


Lombard died in a plane crash in 1942, which likely was the driving force for Gable to join the Air Force and cope with the grieving process. Friends and co-workers felt Gable never got over Lombard's death. He received his final wish of being buried next to her.



Gable Allegedly Slept With Many Of His Female Co-Stars


According to rumors, Gable slept with many of the actresses with whom he worked. Jean Harlow and Ava Gardner allegedly spent intimate time with him. While filming Mogambo, Gable and Grace Kelly became an item. According to gossip, though, they broke up due to Gable's unwillingness to get married.


While married to Carole Lombard, Gable allegedly carried on an affair with Lana Turner, along with several other women. Mamie Van Doren, Virginia Grey, Paulette Goddard, and Evelyn Keyes (whom Gable starred with in Gone with the Wind) all supposedly slept with the star at one point. 



His First Wife, Josephine Dillon, Helped Him Become Clark Gable


While Gable struggled to make a living as an actor in Oregon, he met Josephine Dillon. More than 10 years his senior, Dillon became Gable's teacher and coach after seeing his potential as an actor. She encouraged Gable to change his hair and get cosmetic work done on his teeth, which she paid for herself. Dillon also convinced him to go by the name Clark, rather than William.


After she helped Gable adjust his voice and mannerisms, the pair moved to Hollywood and married in 1924, when Gable began to win roles in silent films. He continued to sleep with other women, and after they divorced in 1930, Dillon claimed she and Gable never consummated their marriage.



MGM Demanded Gable Marry Ria Langham To End Their Affair


Gable moved to New York when he felt Hollywood stopped giving him the attention he craved. While working on Broadway in 1928, he met Texas socialite Maria "Ria" Langham. Still married to Josephine Dillon, Gable allegedly began an affair with Langham because she possessed more money and better connections than his wife. Langham was also older than Gable by several years, and her experience from previous marriages and wooing the public helped Gable's love life and career.


Gable's movie career finally began. But when the head of MGM discovered Gable and Langham's affair, he demanded Gable divorce Dillon and marry Langham, which he did in 1930 and 1931, respectively. The pair separated in 1935 amid Gable's many other affairs, and they divorced in 1939.


According To Rumors, Gable Had A Fling With Actor William Haines


Gable allegedly had a fling with silent film actor William Haines in 1925. According to rumors, the two attended a party and spent time together. 


Haines became an interior designer after his acting career and had a friendship with Carole Lombard before she and Gable began their relationship. Haines even decorated her Hollywood Boulevard apartment. Although several biographers believe an affair between Gable and Haines was real, no proof exists that it took place.


Franz Dorfler Helped Gable Become An Actor, But He Soon Left Her



While trying to break into the theater as a young man in Oregon, Gable met actress Franz Dorfler. A romance developed, and although they became engaged in 1922, they set aside their wedding plans until Gable could earn a more steady income. To help Gable find work, Dorfler encouraged him to try out for the Red Lantern Players, a newly formed theater group in Portland. There, he met Josephine Dillon, who became his acting coach and new love interest, causing Gable to break off his engagement with Dorfler.


Gable's relationship with Dorfler remained


 unknown until 1937, when she came forward to defend Gable in court. A Canadian woman claimed she gave birth to Gable's child in 1922 after they had an affair in England. Dorfler proved the woman's claims false when she told the court Gable was with her in Oregon in 1922. The woman went to jail for extortion, and Dorfler remained another of Gable's lovers.


MGM Allegedly Offered Gable A Raise To Stop His Affair With Marion Davies



Gable and Marion Davies worked on two films together: 1932's Polly of the Circus and 1936's Cain and Mabel. Davies, who was rumored to be the mistress of William Randolph Hearst, began a brief affair with Gable, as well. According to one story, MGM and Hearst wanted to break up the relationship and allegedly offered Gable money to end things. Gable reportedly received a pay raise — $2,000 per week, rather than his previous $650 — to cut off his affair with Davies.



An Affair With Pauline Frederick Helped Gable Get Stage Roles


While working in theater, Gable became attracted to Pauline Frederick, a glamorous, successful actress 20 years his senior. They began an affair in 1926 after she cast Gable in several roles.


In addition to giving him work in the plays Madame X and Lucky Sam McCarver, Frederick paid for more dental work and bought him new suits and a car. The couple's affair lasted several years, until Gable met his future wife Ria Langham and realized she could help him advance his career more than Frederick.


Gable's Marriage To Sylvia Ashley Was His Shortest


Gable's fourth marriage ended up being his shortest. He met Lady Sylvia Ashley at a party in 1949 and spent most of the evening with her, rather than his date. As the former wife of Douglas Fairbanks Sr., Ashley enjoyed an extravagant lifestyle not long after they eloped, which was a way of life Gable reportedly did not like. Ashley's love of being social, throwing parties, and going on shopping sprees likely didn't interest Gable, and the couple grew apart. They divorced in 1952, less than three years after they married.




Hollywood Knew About Gable's Affair With Elizabeth Allan


Gable met English actress Elizabeth Allan in 1933 on the set of Men in White. They quickly became friends and spent time together between takes. Gable brought her cake and coffee every morning and tried persuading MGM to make her contract long-term. Eventually, their friendship turned romantic; Allan and Gable began an affair, even though both were married.


Though Allan's husband lived in England and Gable's wife Maria Langham never caught on, most of Hollywood became aware of their relationship. Their affair lasted for about two years, with Gable continuing to sleep with other women on the side. Eventually, he supposedly lost interest in Allan after becoming involved with Carole Lombard. Allan returned to England, but likely hooked up with Gable one last time when he came overseas with the US Army.


Kay Williams Was Gable's Final Wife, And The Mother Of His Only Acknowledged Child



Gable first met actress Kay Williams shortly after the death of Carole Lombard. They dated briefly, until Gable suddenly broke off the relationship. The two reconnected after Gable's marriage to Lady Sylvia Ashley ended and the two maintained a secret relationship until they eloped in 1955. Williams had two children from a previous marriage, and Gable was said to have enjoyed being a stepfather, seemingly content for the first time since Lombard died.


Williams became pregnant, and Gable looked forward to having the first child of his own (at least that he acknowledged). He never got to meet his son, as Gable died at age 59 from a heart attack in 1960, two weeks after he finished filming The Misfits. Williams gave birth four months later.


Gable Liked Older Women And Call Girls


Through several of his early relationships, it seemed Gable had a thing for older women. He once claimed, "The older woman has seen more, and knows more than the demure young girl," and his early habit of connecting with experienced women who could help his career backs up this claim. Because Gable's mother passed away when he was young, and his stepmother died when he was a teen, it's possible Gable sought older women as maternal figures.


As his career progressed, Gable was said to have easily found women who were interested in him, once claiming he received 5,000 marriage proposals from women through the mail. When he wasn't sleeping with one of his co-workers, Gable allegedly hired call girls, admitting he enjoyed having a relationship free of romance, with the ability to dictate when it would end. He apparently wasn't picky about who he slept with, once telling an Army buddy that he chose one woman because, "Well, she's there."


The Life and Many Loves of Clark Gable BORN 1901 FEBRUARY 1 - 1960 NOVEMBER 16

 




The Life and Many Loves of Clark Gable BORN

1901 FEBRUARY 1 - 1960 NOVEMBER 16

GUNSOCK

clark-gable-and-the-many-women-in-his-life

The Ruthless Toyboy

Clark Gable's image, even 50 years after his death, is still that of the handsome romantic, the rogueish charmer, a Rhett Butler sweeping beautiful women off their feet. The reality of Gable's life is somewhat less romantic.


He was certainly a womaniser, a serial seducer and philanderer, and he ruthlessly used his attractivenness to women, particularly older women who held powerful positions in Broadway and Hollywood, to make his way to the top. He was a toyboy before the name had been coined.


Once established as a star he continued his womanising ways. With Loretta Young he fathered an illegitimate child whom he never acknowledged, and even when married to his soulmate, Carole Lombard he conducted an affair with Lana Turner. The sudden, tragic death of Carole Lombard in an air crash traumatised him and pushed him into the arms of a host of other women in a desperate search to recreate the happiness he had known with Carole.


This is Clark Gable's story.


Early Days

He was born William Clark Gable on February 1, 1901 in Cadiz, Ohio and in boyhood was always known as Billy Gable.


Until he graduated from high school, Billy had no thought of becoming an actor but this changed after a vist to the theater when he was seventeen to see the play 'Bird of Paradise'. He was a determined young man and, as soon as he recived a small bequest from his grandfather he went to Kansas City to join a travelling troupe called the Jewell Players. In the meantime he made a living as best he could doing odd jobs for a newspaper and later became a telephone linesman.


Young Love

He began touring with stock companies, learning the business, working in Bute, Portland and Astoria, Oregon where he met and fell in love with a dark-haired, young actress named Franz Dorfler.



Franz Dorfler

Franz Dorfler








First Wife, Josephine Dillon

First Wife, Josephine Dillon












1925, before his teeth were fixed

1925, before his teeth were fixed












They got engaged during the fall of 1922 while living in Astoria but Franz's parents advised her against marrying a penniless actor. Dorfler, herself, thought they should wait until they had a more secure income. She encouraged Gable to contact Broadway actress and acting coach, Josephine Dillon, who was starting a new theatrical group in Portland called The Red Lantern Players.


Josephine Dillon was 15 years Gable's senior and was an experienced stage director. She became Gable's acting coach and saw a spark of acting genius in him that others had missed, and soon she became his patron, paying from her own pocket to have cosmetic work on his teeth, his hair groomed, as well as coaching him in speech and movement. Gable ended his engagement to Franz and he and Josephine moved to Hollywood in 1924 and they were married on December 12 of the same year. Gable always claimed that the marriage was never consummated.


As for Dorfler, she never got over Gable. "I never went to his pictures because I knew him. I knew all of his expressions, his gestures, the raising of one eyebrow, the crooked smile, his dimples and wink. He never really changed. A bit polished, but still the same…Sometimes I wished that I hadn't met him because I was unable to accept any of the other proposals I'd had. I couldn't marry someone else while I still loved Clark."




Jane Cowl

Jane Cowl








Pauline Frederick


Pauline Frederick









Broadway Gigolo

After appearing as an extra in several silent movies, Gable was dissatisfied with his progress in Hollywood and he returned alone to New York and the Broadway stage. He spent time working as a stage gigolo, squiring older, rich, well-connected women who could help further his career, around town. Actress and playwright Jane Cowl gave him a walk-on role in her production of Romeo and Juliet; Laura Hope Crews, 21 years his senior was a successful stage and movie actress as was Pauline Frederick, 18 years his senior, with whom he had a 2 year affair. Pauline cast him in her revival of 'Madame X', and as a nightclub owner in 'Lucky Sam McCarver'. She bought him a new suit and paid for the further extensive dental treatment he needed.


By the end of the decade his marriage to Josephine was crumbling. He had become famous on Broadway but not in Hollywood and he needed help with his Hollywood ambitions. Again he found an older, rich woman to provide it. In 1930 he divorced Josephine and married Texas socialite Ria Franklin Prentiss Lucas Langham. He explained to Josephine quite candidly that he wished to marry Ria Langham because she could do more for him financially. "He is hard to live with because his career and ambition always came first," said Josephine wistfully.





Gable with Ria Langham

Gable with Ria Langham








Gable with Joan Crawford


Gable with Joan Crawford









Maria Langham, daughter of a rich Texan family, was older than Josephine and seventeen years older than Gable, and had been married three times before, but for Gable she had a great advantage over Josephine - she had more money. She continued the job of smoothing Gable's rough edges and finishing his social education. Gable was an avid pupil and during the early years of their marriage his Hollywood career took off with a vengeance. So did his appointments diary.


He was paired with virtually all the beautiful leading ladies of MGM, including, in 1931 alone, Norma Shearer in 'A Free Soul', Greta Garbo in 'Susan Lenox, Her Fall and Rise' and Joan Crawford in 'The Possessed'.


He and Garbo disliked each other and his relationship with Myrna Loy was warm but platonic. His relationship with Joan Crawford, who was at that time married to Douglas Fairbanks Jr., fairly crackled with their passion both on and offscreen and they became well known as a couple in Hollywood. Louis B. Mayer, head of MGM, fearful of the studio's reputation, threatened to terminate both their contracts.


For a while they kept apart and Gable shifted his attentions first to Loretta Young whom he met on the set of 'The Call of the Wild' in1935, and then to Marion Davies, his co-star in 'Cain And Mabel' in 1936.



Loretta Young

Loretta Young






Loretta and Judy


Loretta and Judy


Loretta Young





Loretta Young was one of Hollywood's biggest female stars, twice an Oscar winner, and a strict Catholic. When she became pregnant with Gable's baby in 1935 an elaborate subterfuge was concocted to circumvent the rigorous (and hypocritical) moral codes in force in Hollywood which would have meant the end of her career and Gable's .She went on 'vacation' with her mother in order to secretly give birth to the child. Gable simply received an unsigned telegram, stating only that the baby had arrived safely, and she was blonde and beautiful. On her return Loretta announced she had adopted the little girl who was raised as Judy Lewis, taking the surname of Loretta's second husband.


Gable came to visit Judy once at her home when she was a young teenager; she had no idea he was her biological father and for the whole of his life he never acknowledged her as his daughter. It was common knowledge in Hollywood that Judy was Gable's daughter and she actually first heard about it from friends at school. When she confronted her mother, Loretta promptly vomited, and finally confessed the truth.


Gable's career continued to surge onwards. His 1934 movie with Claudette Colbert, 'It Happened One Night' had swept the boards at the Academy Awards and Gable received the Best Actor Oscar. In October, 1935 Gable and Ria separated. He was on the crest of the Hollywood wave, vastly rich, the most famous movie actor in history and he simply didn't need her any more. His problems with Loretta were seemingly behind him and he had started a relationship which was to prove the most important of his life. He began to live with beautiful Hollywood actress Carole Lombard, his friend, lover and soulmate.


Carole Lombard


Carole Lombard









AllPosters.com


Carole Lombard

Gable first met Carole Lombard in 1925 when they were both working as extras on the set of 'Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ'. They later starred together in 'No Man of Her Own' in 1932, but did not become romantically attached until 1936. They lived together for 3 years and then got married in March 1939 just 3 weeks after his divorce from Ria was finalised. Lombard, whom he called his 'little screwball', was lively, younger than him, foul-mouthed and irreverent. "I love Pappy," she once said, "even though he's not the greatest lay."


'Gone With the Wind' was released near the start of their wedded life. Gable's stock in Hollywood, already skyhigh, went stratospheric. He was immensely famous, immensely rich and it seemed he had been blessed by the Gods. For three years he lived an idyll with his wife who shared his enthusiasm for outdoor pusuits like hunting and fishing and who tolerated his philandering lifestyle which he was unwilling or unable to stop. He began an affair with Lana Turner, his co-star in 1942's 'Somewhere I'll Find You'.


Gable and Carole Lombard


Gable and Carole Lombard









Tragedy

In January, 1942, the plane in which Carole Lombard was traveling crashed into a mountain near Las Vegas. All on board were killed, including Lombard, her mother, and her MGM staff publicist Otto Winkler.


Gable was traumatised but returned to his and Lombard's empty house where he continued to live for the rest of his life. After a month he returned to the studio to complete 'Somewhere I'll Find You'. He began drinking heavily and to his friends he seemed to lose interest in life and was never the same man afterwards.


Although he was well over draft age he volunteered, seemingly as a death wish, for the Army Air Corps and saw active comabat as a tail-gunner in Europe in World War II. He was discharged in 1945 with the rank of Major and when he returned to the screen it was as a returning hero.


Immediately after his discharge Gable returned to his ranch to recuperate and it wasn't long before his eye started wandering again. He resumed a pre-war relationship with the MGM actress, Virginia Grey and dated numerous other starlets. After Joan Crawford's third divorce in 1946, she and Gable resumed their affair and lived together for a short time.


Gable continued to make movies, averaging about one per year but his post-war film career was mainly undistiguished and he never again repeated his astonishing pre-war successes although for each of the nine years from 1947 he was in the top ten of Hollywood money makers. His performance in 'The Hucksters' in 1947 was praised and he followed it with a brief but very public affair with Paulette Goddard. In 1948 he dated and is also believed to have proposed marriage to, Nancy Davis, the future Mrs Ronald Reagan.


Gable with Lady Sylvia Ashley


Gable with Lady Sylvia Ashley


Lady Sylvia Ashley

Gable's fourth marriage was his most unsuccessful. Lady Sylvia Ashley was an English actress and model and had had been married three times previously, including most recently to Douglas Fairbanks Sr.


They first met in the summer of 1949 when Gable attended a party with socialite Dolly O'Brien as his date but spent most of the evening talking and dancing with Sylvia. They were married in December of that year. Gable confided to friends that she was a "wildcat in the sack," but it didn't take long for him to tire of her extravagant ways. 


She was constantly shopping for clothes, had her own personal maid and gave frequent handouts to her teenage nephew whom Gable disliked. She also liked to throw lavish formal dinner parties and attend Hollywood social events, none of which Gable liked. They grew more and more distant and Sylvia moved back to England. After nearly a year of separation, the divorce was finalised in April, 1952.


Shortly after the divorce Gable started filming 'Never Let Me Go' opposite Gene Tierney. She was one of his favorite actresses and he was very disappointed when she went to Europe and began a romance with Aly Khan. In 'Mogambo' in 1953 Gable's on-location affair with Grace Kelly ended after filming was completed.


Gable with Kay, 1958


Gable with Kay, 1958











Kathleen "Kay" Williams

In July 1955 he married a former girlfriend, Kathleen Williams Spreckles who had previously been married to sugar-refining heir Adolph B. Spreckels Jr., and became stepfather to her two children, Joan and Adolph ("Bunker") Spreckels III. He appeared to be more contented than he had ever been since the death of Carole Lombard.



Although Kay was quick to deny any similarities between herself and Carole, she was able to happily accompany him on his hunting expeditions, and unlike Sylvia, she did not try to change Carol's décor at the ranch. Gable enjoyed being a stepfather to her children and both he and Kay were delighted when she became pregnant in 1960. Gable's wandering eye at last seemed to have stopped wandering and he seemed to be entering a period of contented family life. But it was not to be.


Death - and Life

Gable learned the news of Kay's pregnancy whilst he was filming 'The Misfits', with Marilyn Monroe and Montgomery Clift. Four days after completing the movie he suffered a major heart attack and was hospitalised. For most of his life he had been a heavy smoker and whisky drinker and it finally took its toll. Ten days later on 16 November 1960, he suffered another massive heart attack. He was dead within seconds and attempts to revive him were unsuccessful. He was aged 59 years.


His funeral was attended by more than 200 of Hollywood's finest and he was laid to rest, as he had requested, next to Carole Lombard.


Three months later on 20 March, 1961, Kay delivered Clark's son, John Clark Gable, at the same hospital Clark had died in earlier.


Gable's death marked also the end of Hollywood's Golden Age. He was an astonishing man who  dominated the world of Hollywood like no-one else before or since. He was called the King, and the title died with him.


Kay Gable and John


Kay Gable and John









Clark Gable 1901-1960


clark-gable-and-the-many-women-in-his-life










Dave La Violette

It was a different time and Young's career would have been over if she owned up. I think Gable would have survived it. I can also understand not telling Judy as a small child, so she didn't spill the beans at school or somewhere. I just feel sorry for Judy that even as an older kid or an adult that Gable & Young wouldn't treat her as an actual daughter. That was messed up and Gable had a lot of opportunity there to mend those feelings.
And Loretta Young hiding behind Catholicism is what really sickens me. She slept with a lot of men and was married I think four times. Then accusing Gable of raping her toward the end of her life. She was a nasty piece of work. All pious and reflecting their own actions like a lot of Christians do.


Sandra Brewer Hammond

That is what Young’s daughter-in-law wrote. I can’t see Clark Gable raping anyone. They started an affair while filming Call Of The Wild. Jack Oakie who was in the movie told that. They had a huge snow storm while filming the movie and had to shut down. He said they both, Gable and Young stayed in his cabin all the time. Then she becomes pregnant and her mother called him and told him about it. She and her mother left for Europe because it was said she was exhausted. Jack Oakie said everybody knew why. They rent a little house and Loretta had the baby. She let Gable come see her and Judy was sleeping in a dresser drawer He gave Loretta money to buy her a baby bed. When Judy became a little older, she put her in an orphanage and told people she adopted her, but nobody bought that story because she looked so much like both of them. Had the truth come out, both careers would have been over. Loretta was no angel. She had other affairs. One with Spencer Tracy. She kept Judy out of Gables life. Judy is the one who suffered for their mistakes.


Christiane Amos

Gail Ward I’m so glad you brought this up! Loretta Young’s life was built on lies. Clark Gable rape? Uh I don’t believe it. She even admitted “you have to fall in love with your co-star”. Jillion’s of women wanted Clark Gable. No way he raped her. That was her catholic acceptable lie.

Dave La Violette

It was a different time and Young's career would have been over if she owned up. I think Gable would have survived it. I can also understand not telling Judy as a small child, so she didn't spill the beans at school or somewhere. I just feel sorry for Judy that even as an older kid or an adult that Gable & Young wouldn't treat her as an actual daughter. That was messed up and Gable had a lot of opportunity there to mend those feelings.
And Loretta Young hiding behind Catholicism is what really sickens me. She slept with a lot of men and was married I think four times. Then accusing Gable of raping her toward the end of her life. She was a nasty piece of work. All pious and reflecting their own actions like a lot of Christians do.

Marianna Montuori

Christiane Amos she said it was not that she wasn’t in love with him, she just didn’t want intercourse. She had been chaste with Spencer Tracy, the real love of her life (there are letters they wrote to each other to prove it) and she expected to remain chaste with Gable too. That’s why she used the expression “date rape”.

Chrystopher Spicer
I do agree with Mary McMinn Ogden. Everyone has an opinion. However, it was not only Loretta who knew for sure. There were a number of people who knew. This happened among a movie shooting crew stranded in what was then a remote area in the middle of very bad weather for some time. I can assure you a bunch of people knew. I spoke with the very gracious Judy Lewis before she passed away, and let me tell you nobody forced anybody into anything. Neither Clark nor Loretta were angels when it came to relationships. We are also forgetting, as people often do when dicussing the past, that it was a very different country. Both Clark and Loretta (and many others) had morals clauses written into their contracts which would have meant an immediate end to careers for which they had worked hard if their affairs had been publicised, for one thing. Consequently, Loretta was certainly not the only film star to pass off her real child as an adopted child; in those days before DNA tests, as Lewis said, it was all 'uncommon knowledge.'