NAKARAJAN

CHINA THE QING DYNASTY The Qing Dynasty (1644–1912) was the last Chinese dynasty, and the longest dynasty ruled by foreigners (the Manchus from Manchuria, northeast of the Great Wall). The Forbidden City was the imperial palace of the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty. The Manchus Were Originally Jurchen Tribes (220–1582) After the Han Dynasty (220 AD), Jurchens had grown in power and ruled China in the Jin Dynasty era (265–420). They were kept north of the Great Wall in subsequent dynasties, and were conquered by the Mongols of the Yuan Empire (1279–1368). The Mongols and the Jurchens were then driven north of the Great Wall by the Han Chinese of the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644). Nurhaci United the Manchus (1559–1626) The Manchus emerged as a people when a Jurchen tribal ruler named Nurhaci started to conquer other Jurchen tribes in 1582. They subjugated the Mongols, and absorbed their troops. In a similar way to Genghis Khan, he utilized the manpower and knowle...

SCINDIA DYNASTY  The Scindia dynasty was founded by Ranoji Scindia, who was the son of Jankojirao Scindia, the Deshmukh of Kanherkhed, a village in Satara District, Maharashtra. Peshwa Baji Rao's career saw the strengthening of the Maratha Empire. Ranoji was in charge of the Maratha conquests in Malwa in 1726. Ranoji established his capital at Ujjain in 1731 . His successors included Jayajirao, Jyotibarao, Dattajirao, Jankojirao, Mahadji Shinde and Daulatrao Scindia. The Scindhia state of Gwalior became a major regional power in the latter half of the 18th century and figured prominently in the three Anglo-Maratha Wars. They held sway over many of the Rajput states, and conquered north India. After the defeat of the allied Maratha states by the British in the Third Anglo-Maratha War of 1818, Daulatrao Scindia was forced to accept local autonomy as a princely state within British India and to give up Ajmer to the British. After the death of Daulatrao, Maharani Baiza Ba...

      THE GURJARA- PRATIHARA DYNASTY 730-1036 The Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty, also known as the Pratihara Empire, was an imperial power during the Late Classical period on the Indian subcontinent, that ruled much of Northern India from the mid-8th to the 11th century. They ruled first at Ujjain and later at Kannauj.[ The Gurjara-Pratiharas were instrumental in containing Arab armies moving east of the Indus River.[2] Nagabhata I defeated the Arab army under Junaid and Tamin during the Caliphate campaigns in India. Under Nagabhata II, the Gurjara-Pratiharas became the most powerful dynasty in northern India . He was succeeded by his son Ramabhadra, who ruled briefly before being succeeded by his son, Mihira Bhoja. Under Bhoja and his successor Mahendrapala I, the Pratihara Empire reached its peak of prosperity and power . By the time of Mahendrapala, the extent of its territory rivalled that of the Gupta Empire stretching from the border of Sindh Gurjara-...

THE SHUNGA DYNASTY 187-73 B.C the last ruler of the Maurya Empire, was assassinated by his Senānī or commander-in-chief, Pushyamitra Shunga, [5] while he was reviewing the Guard of Honour of his forces. Pushyamitra Shunga then ascended the throne Its capital was Pataliputra, but later emperors such as Bhagabhadra also held court at Besnagar (modern Vidisha) in eastern Malwa.[1] Pushyamitra Shunga ruled for 36 years and was succeeded by his son Agnimitra. There were ten Shunga rulers . However, after the death of Agnimitra, the second king of the dynasty, the empire rapidly disintegrated. They fought the Kalinga, the Satavahana dynasty, the Indo-Greek Kingdom and possibly the Panchalas and Mitras of Mathura. Pushyamitra Shunga became the ruler of Magadha and neighbouring territories. His realm essentially covered the central parts of the old Mauryan Empire.[   Ayodhya in northern central India,  the city of Mathura ] On the contrary, according to the Yava...