SUBRAMANIAN SWAMY ,THE LION OF INDIA BORN 15 SEPTEMBER 1939

SUBRAMANIAN SWAMY ,THE LION OF INDIA BORN 
15 SEPTEMBER 1939

Subramanian Swamy (born 15 September 1939) is an Indian economist, mathematician and politician who serves as a Member of Parliament in Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Indian Parliament.[1][2][3] He was the President of the Janata Party[4] until it merged with Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).[5][6] Swamy has served as a member of the Planning Commission of India and was a Cabinet Minister in the Chandra Shekhar government. Earlier in November 1978, Swamy was member of the Group of Eminent persons and was called to Geneva, Switzerland to prepare a report of the United Nations (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)) on Economic Co-operation between Developing countries (ECDC). Swamy also simplified trade procedures and formulated a new export strategy which became the forerunner of trade reform adopted subsequently. In 1994, Swamy was appointed as Chairman of the Commission on Labour Standards and International Trade by former Prime Minister P. V. Narasimha Rao.
He also serves as chairman[7] of the Board of Governors of the SCMS Group of Educational Institutions in Kerala. He has written on foreign affairs of India dealing largely with People's Republic of China (PRC), Pakistan and Israel. He was nominated to Rajya Sabha on 26 April 2016.

Early life and education[edit]

Subramanian Swamy was born in Mylapore, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India[8][9] to a family which hailed originally from Madurai in Tamil Nadu.[10] His father, Sitaraman Subramanian, was a bureaucrat and his mother, Padmavathy, was a homemaker. He has one younger brother, Ram Subramanian as well as two younger sisters.[11]
Sitaraman Subramanian was an officer in the Indian Statistical Service who served as the director of the Central Statistical Institute in Delhi, and was a statistical adviser to the Government of India.[12] The family, which hailed from Madurai in Tamil Nadu, moved to New Delhi when Swamy was only six months old. Due to his father's job and the family's Tamil roots, major national leaders like K. Kamaraj, C. Rajagopalachari and S. Satyamurti often visited Sitaraman.[13][14][15]
Swamy attended Hindu College, University of Delhi, from where he earned his Bachelors Honours degree in Mathematics. He then took his master's degree in Statistics from the Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata. He was later recommended by Hendrik S. Houthakker[14] and went to study at Harvard University on a full Rockefeller scholarship,[14] where he received a PhD in Economics in 1965. His thesis adviser was Nobel Laureate Simon Kuznets.[14][16] In 1963, while he was a doctoral student at Harvard, Swamy worked at the United Nations Secretariat in New York City as an Assistant Economics Affairs Officer. He subsequently worked as a resident tutor at Lowell House at Harvard University.[citation needed]

While studying at Harvard, Swamy met Roxna, an Indian lady of Parsi ethnicity who was studying PhD in mathematics at Harvard University.[17][18] They were married in June 1966. Swamys have two daughters. The elder daughter, Gitanjali Swamy, is an entrepreneur and private equity professional. She is married to Dr. Sanjay Sarma, a professor at MIT, who is the son of E.A.S Sarma, a retired IAS officer and former secretary Economic Affairs to the government of India. The younger daughter, Suhasini Haidar, is a print and television journalist married to Nadeem Haidar, the son of former Indian Foreign Secretary Salman Haidar.[citati

Court petitions[edit]
Petition to strike down anti-defamation laws[edit]

In Oct 2014, Swamy filed a petition in Supreme Court praying for declaring Sections 499 and 500 of the Indian Penal Code that deal with criminal defamation as unconstitutional.[33]

Complaint against Jayalalithaa[edit]
In 1996, Swamy had filed a criminal complaint against Jayalalitha which led to her prosecution, conviction and sentencing to four years imprisonment by the trial court in 2014.[34] Later, on May 11, 2015, a special Bench of the Karnataka High Court set aside the trial court order convicting former Tamil Nadu Chief Minister Jayalalitha, who was acquitted of all charges in the disproportionate assets case.[35][36] An Appeal against the High court verdict was filed in Supreme Court.[37] However, keeping personal differences aside, he wished her a speedy recovery on her recent illness and advised she visit Singapore for treatment.[38] The final verdict of Supreme Court came in February, 2017 that indicted Jayalalitha posthumously and upheld the trial court judgement in toto.[39]

Phone tapping allegation[edit]
Swamy released a letter alleging that former intelligence chief had asked DoT to tap the phone of many politicians and businessmen in Karnataka,[40] the then Chief Minister, Ramakrishna Hegde resigned in 1988.[41] Hegde then filed a case against him in 1989 and 1990.[42][43][44]

Hashimpura massacre[edit]
Main article: Hashimpura massacre

In 1987, when Muslim youths were killed under police custody, Swamy spoke against it and sat on a fast for more than a week in Jantar Mantar demanding the institution of an inquiry.[45] After 25 years he started pursuing the case once again in court.[46]
Rebecca John, a counsel for the Hashimpura complainants, told Additional Sessions Judge Rakesh Siddhartha who is conducting the trial in the case, that "there is no other motive than politics behind Swamy's plea for further investigation and it would only further delay the trial".[47][dead link]

Role in exposing 2G spectrum scam[edit]
Main article: 2G spectrum scam

In November 2008, Swamy amongst others wrote the first of five letters to Prime Minister Manmohan Singh seeking permission to prosecute A. Raja in regard to 2G spectrum scam.[48] After not receiving any response,[49] Swamy decided to file a case on his own in the Supreme Court of India regarding the matter, which then asked the Central Bureau of Investigation to produce a detailed report on it.[50][dead link] He further called on the Indian government to re-auction the 2G spectrum without the involvement of Communications Minister Kapil Sibal.[51]
On 15 April 2011, he filed a 206-page petition with PM Singh seeking permission to prosecute Sonia Gandhi on charges of corruption. He also raised doubts regarding her acquisition of Indian citizenship.[52] Swamy filed documents in the court to prosecute Minister of Home Affairs P. Chidambaram by including a 15 January 2008 letter written by Chidambaram to Prime Minister Manmohan Singh. Swamy also placed on record the certified copy of the minutes of a meeting between Chidambaram, Raja and the prime minister during the tenure of Raja as the MOC&IT.[53] Since criminal charges were filed against the accused, but no evidence was given by Swamy or the CBI, all the respondents have got bail as of July 2012.

Sanction to prosecute telecom minister A. Raja[edit]

On 31 January 2012, the Supreme Court of India accepted Swamy's petition against the Prime Minister's Office in the 2G case, saying that all public authorities should give a sanction within three months against any public official if a request is made for prosecution.
The Supreme Court said that Swamy had the locus standi to seek sanction from the Prime Minister for the prosecution of A Raja in the 2G scam. Sanction by a competent authority for the prosecution of a public servant has to be granted within a time frame, the apex court said. Justice AK Ganguly said that the sanction would be deemed to be granted if competent authority failed to take a decision within four months.

Swamy's arguments were that he wrote to the PMO on 29 November 2008, but it was only on 19 March 2010 the PMO replied that the plea made by Swamy was "premature" as investigation was being carried out by the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI). Raja was arrested by the CBI in the case and got bail on 15 May 2012 after spending nearly 15 months in the Tihar Central Jail.[54]

Petition to strike down "single directive provision"[edit]

In 1997, Swamy filed a petition in the Supreme Court of India to strike down a provision which barred CBI from investigating corruption charges against officers of the rank of joint secretary and above without prior permission of the Govt of India called as "Dr. Subramanian Swamy Versus Director, Central Bureau of Investigation & Anr."[55] On 6 May 2014, a five-judge constitution bench held the single directive provision as invalid and unconstitutional. The court said that "Protection of prior approval for probing graft charges against officers at level of joint secretary and above has propensity of shielding corruption"[56][57] Experts such as former CBI Director Joginder Singh praised the judgement as "Superb".[58] Incumbent CBI Director Ranjit Sinha welcomed the judgement and said, "now a very heavy responsibility has been cast upon us to ensure that no innocent civil-servant is harassed."[59][dead link]

Investigation on EVM[edit]
Further information: Indian voting machines

Swamy demanded that an independent committee should be formed to check the security and safety of the Electronic Voting Machines (EVM) to avoid any rigging or tampering. He argued that countries like US, Japan, UK, Germany and Netherlands have abandoned EVMs and are using paper-ballot system and demanded that a printed receipt should be given to every voter after casting the vote.[60][61] His PIL to investigate the working of EVM was dismissed by the Delhi High Court on 17 January 2012. The court refused to give any direction to the Election Commission to bring back paper-ballot system or use of printed receipts. The Commission argued that the use of paper is not feasible due to the huge size of Indian electorate. The court further asked the Election Commission to "immediately begin a process of wider consultations" and the Parliament "to go into this question in depth and decide".[62][63]
On 22 January 2013 the Election Commission informed the Supreme Court that it would include Voter Verifiable Paper Audit Trail (VVPAT) system which is in the testing phase after the court agreed with some points raised by Swamy who was the contender,[64] in the machines so that every voter will come to know who he/she is voting by getting a printed slip after pressing the EVM button.[65][66] The voter paper audit trail has then been in use from 4 September 2013.[67][68]
On 8 October 2013 the Supreme Court directed the Election Commission to implement audit trail system in 2014 general election in phases.[69]

National Herald case[edit]
Main article: National Herald Case

On 1 November 2012 Swamy alleged that both Sonia and Rahul Gandhi have committed fraud and land grabbing to a tune of ₹20 billion (US$310 million) by acquiring a public ltd company called Associated Journals Private Ltd (AJPL) through their owned private company, Young Indian[70] which was formed on 23 November 2010.[71] Through this they had got publication rights of National Herald and Quami Awaz newspapers, with real estate properties in Delhi and Uttar Pradesh.[72] The acquired place was intended only for newspaper purposes but were used for running a passport office, amounting to lakhs of rupees, it alleges.[citation needed] Swamy further added that Rahul Gandhi hid the facts in his affidavit while filing nomination for the 2009 Lok Sabha elections.[73][74]
It further alleges that on 26 February 2011 AJPL approved the transfer of unsecured loan of ₹900 million (US$14 million) from the All India Congress Committee at zero interest.[75][76] Swamy argued that it is illegal for any political party to lend the loan as per violation of Section 269T of Income Tax Act 1961.[77] On 2 November, the party responded that the loan was given only for reviving National Herald newspaper with no commercial interest.[78] Swamy decided to approach the Supreme Court for de-recognising the Congress party, while the Election Commission ordered the probe on 17 November 2012.[79][80]
The hearing of the case had been taken up thereafter on different occasions[81][82][83][84][85] with the court observing prima facie evidence against all the accused.[83][86][87] On 1 August 2014 the Enforcement Directorate initiated probe to find any money laundering in the case[88] while on the same day Swamy was served notice by the High Court.[89] On 28 August the metropolitan court fixed 9 December for the next hearing of the case,[90][91] while on 12 January 2015 the judge of the Delhi High Court recused himself from hearing the case stating that schedule of cases has been changed and directed that the petitions be directed before an appropriate bench.[92] On 27 January 2015, the Supreme Court asked Swamy to make out a case for the speedy trial in the Delhi High Court since the petition cannot be heard directly.[93]

On 18 September 2015 it was reported that the Enforcement Directorate had reopened the investigation.[94] Following it, on 19 December 2015 Patiala House Court granted unconditional bail immediately on the hearing to all the five accused but one.[95][96][97] On 12 July 2016 the Delhi High Court set aside the trial court order of 11 January[98] and 11 March[99] based on plea by Swamy to examine balance sheets of Congress party, AJL and Young Indian from 2010-2013,[100][101][102] and fixed the date of next hearing on 20 August.[103]

Temple Cases[edit]
Nataraja temple case[edit]

Swamy had filed a petition in the Supreme Court with priests of the dikshithar sect challenging the decision of the Madras High Court on transferring the administration of the Nataraja temple to the then Tamil Nadu government in 2009.[104]
Swamy on referring to the provisions of Tamil Nadu Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Act, contended that Podu Dikshitars have right to administer the temple[105] and argued on handing over the administration on mismanagement grounds of temple's wealth is violation under article 26 of the Constitution of India.[106] On 6 January 2014 the Supreme Court ruled that the administration is to be handed over back to the priests of the temple from the state government.[107]

Ayodhya temple case[edit]
Further information: Ram Janmabhoomi
Main article: Ayodhya dispute

On 22 February 2016, Swamy filed a petition in the Supreme Court allowing construction of Rama temple at the disputed site where Babri Masjid was demolished in 1992, and expediting the adjudication related to order of the Allahabad High Court on 30 September 2010,[108][109] petition was accepted on 26 February to be later heard by the court.[110]

Campaign against black money[edit]
See also: Black money in India

Swamy has been the original campaigner against corruption by bringing into light the 2G scam. He founded Action Committee Against Corruption in India (ACACI) on 14 October 2011 and acted as a chairperson. ACACI's goal is to take specific action against corruption at very high places of government and Indian black money stashed abroad,[111][112] Swamy had mentioned six simple steps in his letter which may recover the money stashed abroad easily.[113]

எதிரிக்கி தெரியா பாராளுமன்றத்துக்கு வந்து கைது செய்ய காத்திருந்த இந்திரா மற்றும் சகாக்கள் கண்ணில் மண்ணை தூவி தப்பித்த " மிசா ஹீரோ " சுப்பிரமணியன் சுவாமி 1939 செப்டம்பர் 15 இல் பிறந்தார்
சுப்பிரமணியன் சுவாமி (Subramanian Swamy, பிறப்பு: செப்டம்பர் 15, 1939) ஓர் இந்திய அரசியல்வாதியும் பொருளியலாளரும் ஆவார். இவர் ஜனதா கட்சித் தலைவராக இருந்தவர். ஜனதா கட்சி, 2014 இந்திய மக்களவைத்தேர்தலுக்கு முன்பாக 2013இல் பாரதிய ஜனதா கட்சிவுடன் இணைந்துவிட்டது[1]. இந்திய மக்களைவை மற்றும் மாநிலங்களவைகளின் உறுப்பினராகவும் 1991ல், இந்திய நடுவண் அரசில் சட்டத்துறை அமைச்சராகவும் இருந்துள்ளார். இவர் இந்திய அரசின் திட்டக் குழுவில் அங்கம் வகித்துள்ளார்
தனி வாழ்க்கை[தொகு]
இவர் சென்னையின் மைலாப்பூர் பகுதியில் பிறந்தார். 1966ஆம் ஆண்டு ரோக்சனா என்பரை திருமணம் புரிந்தார் [2]. கணிதத்தில் முனைவர் பெற்ற ரோக்சனா தற்போது இந்திய உச்ச நீதிமன்றத்தில் வழக்குரைஞராக உள்ளார்.[3][4] இவருக்கு கீதாஞ்சலி சுவாமி, சுகாசினி ஹைதர் என்று இரு மகள்கள் உள்ளனர். கீதாஞ்சலி அமெரிக்காவில் எம்.ஐ.டி. யில் பேராசியராக உள்ள சஞ்சய் சர்மா என்பவரை திருமணம் செய்து உள்ளார். சுகாசினி ஹைதர் இந்து நாளேட்டில் செய்தியாளராக பணிபுரிந்தார்[5]. இவர் 1997இல் வெளியுறவுச் செயலாளராக இருந்த சல்மான் ஹைதர் என்பவரின் மகன் நதீம் ஹைதரை திருமணம் செய்துள்ளார்.[6][7][8]
அரசியல் வாழ்க்கை[தொகு]
சுவாமி ஹார்வர்ட் பல்கலைக்கழகம், இந்திய தொழில்நுட்பக் கழகம் ஆகியவற்றில் பணியாற்றியுள்ளார். இந்தியாவிலுள்ள டிஎன்எ என்ற இதழுக்கு முசுலிம்கள் பற்றி எழுதிய சர்ச்சைக்குரிய கருத்தால் ஹார்வர்டு பல்கலைக்கழகத்தில் கோடை கால பொருளாதார வகுப்பு எடுப்பதில் இருந்து நீக்கப்பட்டார்.[9]